Piston for internal-combustion engines.



G) R. RICH.

PISTON FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Pzmtanted m 29, 191?.

APPLICATION FILED DEC-BI 1915.

owe @Jfidm GEORGE E. BICH, on OAK PARK, IL'LInoIs.

PISTON non rn'rEnivAnooMBUsTIoN ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented my as, ten.

Application fil ed December 8, 1915. Serial No. 65,645.

To all 7071b? it may concern:

Be it known that I, Gnonon R. HIGH, a-

citizen of the United States, and a resident of Oak Park, county ofCook, and State of .Illinois, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Pistons for Internal- Conibustion Engines, of which thefollowing is declared'to be a full, clear, and exact description. I

This invention relates to pistons for internal combustion engines andits primary object is to provide improved means for compensating forexpansion of the piston when subjected to the high temperaturesdeveloped in combustion or explosion engines. The

greatest amount of heat is developed above ton wall in which groove isplaced apiston ring. the internal diameter of which is greaterthan-the'external dlameter of the grooved end of the annular p1stonwall,

whereby the head andgrooved end ofsaid wall may expand without bindingthe ring against the' internal face of the cylinder.

The invention consists, therefore, in the several novel featureso'fconstruction, arra'ngement and combination of parts hereinafter fullyset forth and claimed.

The inventionjs clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawing, inwhich:

Figure '1, is a central, vertical section through a fragment ofaninternal combustion engine cylinder, and through a piston therein,embodying a simple form of the present invention; Fig. 2, is avdetail,vertical section taken on line 22 of Fig. 1; Fig. 3, is a plan ofmodified form of a piston ring used in connection with the piston; andFig. 4 is a "detail side view of a fragment of one-of the piston ringsseen in Fig. 3.

In the embodiment of the invention illustrated in said drawing, A,designates a fragment of an internal combustion engine cylinder, and B,the piston therein. Preferably only sufiicient-clearance is left betweenthe wall of the'cylinder and piston to allow for lubricating oil.

In its preferred form the piston com prises cylindrical wall 10,a-piston head 11, secured thereon, and a piston ring 1)., located in agroove 16, at the upper end of the wall 10. On the inner face ofthewall10, are formed two hollow b0sses"13,' in which is secured the wrist pin14; the con necting rod 15, is secured to the wrist pin as usual.

The upper end of the wall 10, is formed with the annular groove 16,abovereferred to, in which is placed the piston ring 12,. and said ringispreferably solid, and bears against the internal face 'of the cylinderwall A; it rests upon the shoulder 18, formed at the bottom of thegroove 16. Space is left between the ring and face of the groove*topermit the expan.e,;'on of the upper end of the piston wall 10,independently of the ring 12, so that in expanding it does notunnecessarily crowd the ring against the inner face of the cylinder. v

The head 11, is preferablyformed with a chamber. or dead air space 19,for the purpose of keeping the lower face of the head comparativelycool. to thereby minimize the injurious effect of the otherwise hot faceof the piston on the lubricating oil which splashed against said face.

The edge portion 17, of the head seats on the upper edge of the pistonwall 10, and overhangs the same somewhat, although the head is of lessdiameter than the bore of the cylinder to allow for expansion. Thepiston ring 12, it will be observed, is confined in the groove at thetop of the piston wall. i i

by said overhanging edge'portion 17, of the head and shoulder 18, of thegroove. If" desired the head may have anannular downwardly projectingshoulder 20, fitting against the innerface of the piston wall. 10.

The head 11, and piston wall 10, are se cured together as-for instanceby pins 21, threaded at both ends and screwed into threaded bosses 22,formed on the lower face of the head; said pins extend through aperturesin the hollow bosses 13, and wrist pin, and have nuts 23, threaded upontheir lower ends which bear against coiled compression springs 24,confined under .compression between the hollow bosses 13, and nuts 23.

The nuts 23, are. screwed up tight to com press the springs sufficientlyto hold the head 11, on its seat during the suction strokes of and Wristpin 14, may he siougutod in the piston. l f Liesi jecl sob Buss may hemployed on the thromlod upper ends of pins, and. turned up the ends oftoo bosses 22 to'lock the pins to the hood.

If desired the aperturos in the bosses (ii- Tf-ClllOll parallel with'i)l]8 2ll-QS of 'Eho Wrisz pin to permit lateral play of -ibhe pi dueto tho siclowiso movement caused by tho painsion and contraction oftho'hoacl l1.

, In Figs. 3, and 4, 11 double, split piston ring 12 is shown, which maybe used in placs of the solid ring" shown in the preferred form. Saiddouble ring comprises two thin narrow split rings, one Within the other.Each individual ring 12, 12, is split obliquely as shown in; Fig. 4, andshe edges of the split ends are fiapered (see-Fist 3) as is usual insplit rings of this class. I

In operation tho head sxpomls'uiider sho influence of the hotteniporatsifogl to which itis sub'jecrtod in an internal com ms Watercooled fiyliililfil' Wall much of saio tion engine, and it oaizriss theupper anal of the annular piston all. Wish ifs, his? o of the clearanceleft boswoon she reduced and of the annulm; piston Wall out? pistonring, it is free to expand Without .-*l.1s piston ring against the innerwall 01? oyl ()loviously some. heat is oonfluoisd to sairl side Wall ofthe piston but on aooouu o;.

is conducted to said Wall condos the Water Where s cooling action mks/spiston Wall takes place hollow the isduo end, mmay be regarded 2pnegligible quantity, particularly as thooylinofsxalso ox ponds.

More or less-variation oftho one; fiotmls of construction is possibleWithout (lop-arising from the spirit of this l'i'lVBll'hlOlL 21mlclesire, 't-horofor's not to limit myself to sho ox act form of theinvention shown and do scrihecl, but intend iii the follow/ins claims topoint out all of the invousioto m herein.

I claim as new and desire to scours tors Patent:

1. A piston. for internal *combusizion so nes, comprising an annular1319 5022 Wail.

having an annulsr'gi'oovo in its axis-13ml face stone and and formedoniags intern l wall withtwo hollow bosses a. WBiSt' pioso ed in saidbosses, at sopmate hood of less. il-

ametoi' than the annular pislxon wall, se iocl on said grows out; midhaving aporiyhoml edge, owai'haugiug said. groove a piston in Si'iliilgiro-ova,- said piston. ring being of onto iu'oiiial fliairioisi "thanthe external (1 simmer of the grooved eucl of tho annulus :1 all. sorowthreaded pins secured in hos-gland o tending through said bosses andwrist pin, and 1Y1-3Zi 11$ for: drawing said pins down to firmly hold.tho piston hoacl on the grooved end Oiflllll annular iistou S2. A pistonfor internal combustion so coiiiprfsing an annular pislton Wall havingan annular groove in its oxtsr ml moo at one end, and "formed oninternal win-l Y i h bosses, a piston homl seated on said gzimved mid.of the annular Wall and eiitoiuling part Way over.- suid annular groove,ii osing :iu minulur SdOillflQl? on the lows: of the hood hearingagainst tho iunoi flies of tho grooved and of the piston. wall, screw 25has a.

threaded pins secured in said piston and extending through z periiums ins bosses, muss on soul shi'esdocl oncls oi mus for liliawiiw soul head asins; L l) of the annular pisiion Wall, and. pishou in P heuig oimists-1' slum she external. om. groovod end of the annular n seam i ronce space hoim Bottom of oi? 6%. and o. no pisltoi'l grooves-em} andclosing; said and s; l of pins ssoursd said host/i i moons 'iug' forss'ouzriug; 1ihosil upon. iurfi piston Wall.

